Two-cycle engine.



E. J. MANNING. TWO-CYCLE ENGINE. APPLIUATION FILED ma. s, 191'2.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

' 2t v give-the desired-results.;

- to deflect the incoming gases toward the .entre .1. nANmNe, orJANnsvILL-E, WISCONSIN.-

. Two-CYCLE ENGINE.

Specication of Letters Patent. Patmtgd Eli-53,29 191ML,

AApplication lcd March 8, v1912. Serial No. 682,359.

To all whom it may 'concern Be it known that I, ELMER dent ofJanesville, inthe count of Rock and State of'Wisconsim have lnvented aAnew and Improved Two-Cycle Engine, of

which thefollowing is a full, clear, andfexact description.4v

lwhich the dellector plate carried by t episl .MY .invention relates toan improved form of-'two-cycleinternal f combustion en' e in toritodirect'the incoming gases'toward' the .head"of-tile` 'cylinderA is givenan especial 'ing drawinglformingapart of this specifi- A` shape, withaviewto causingthe incoming gases to4 enter in such vaV way as vtokeep.

Reference is to'b'e had tov fthe. accompany- '.cation, in which the gurerepresents'in longitudinal section a two-cycle, engine having avpistonwith a'l deiector plate designedto The numeral 1V represents a' cylinderor casing inclosing a power" chamber, and lthis power chamber isprovided withy the usual water jacket 2 for cooling purposes.

l, A 3 is the piston having a pin d which serves as 'a pivot Vfor .the-connecting rod 5 and the piston." has 'the usual packing rings 6,

and defiector plate 7V which shields the inlet port 8 when the piston'overruns the same,

far end of the cylinder as the exhaust gases pass out through theconduit 9.

In ordinary two cycle engines the inner face of the pistonand the battleplate located thereon are so shaped that the incoming gas is directedstraight toward the opposite end of the cylinder andpermitted to someextent.

to vcurl over the' upper edge' of the dedector plate, as it were, andmix with some of the burned gases in theirl exit from the powerchamber.- yIhis is because of the natural tendency'of the fuel mixturewhich is forced into the power chamberv of the cylinder un.-

der pressure to expand, upon passing the edge of the bale plate, towardthe opposite side of the cylinder, and as a result some of j the gasinstead of derving straight toward the opposite end of the cylinderflows diagonallyl across the power chamber to the ar cerner thereef, andthis often results in some y J..MA'1`INI1I-T.G, l a citizen of theUnited States, and a resieXhaust gases being pocketed'in the cylinder inthe corner adjacent the head on thev same side as -the/deector plate;and, further, owing to this lateral displacement 'of the inowing gasesthere is' a marked tendency of thel mixture to mingle withthe-excylindrical recess 10, .and I make thisbaffle plate of a certainthickness, so as to be able to form a semi-cylindrical recess in the topthereof, shown at 14. I also curve .the inner face of the piston asshown at 11, this curve beginning at a point 12 below the top edge ofthebafeA plate-and extending smoothly toward the opposite edge of thepiston 3. The surface connecting the point l2 to the adjacent edge ofthebaille plate 13 may bev straight or plane, as shown. l5 is the usualigniter by means of which the charge is fired at the beginning of the'expansion stroke.

The result of the construction described is to cause the incominggaseous mixture .to pass into the recess l0 along the bottom thereofandy be deflected or doubled back upon itself, and thus be delayed inrising until such time as when there will be sumcient volume to fillcompletely the space between the deiector plate and the cylinder wall,instead of shooting up in a thin stream. and mixin with the burnedgases. If the deflector p ate could be very much farther extended fromthe vvpiston head. it would obviously keep theincoming and/burned gaseslto be explained in this Way. During the' power stroke the expandinggases are fol'- lowingand derving in the same direction as the piston istraveling. has reached a point at Which it uncovers the exhaust port,the enpanding gases .continue to flow inthe same direction and at agreatly accelerated rate ci travel as they are escaping from-.thecylinder on the exhaust side ofk the dedector plate. lt is at this timein the cycle that theuprojecting edge 18 Will shave oth as it were, asmall portion of the expanding and outnovving gases. The semicylindricalrecess li will detlect and reverse the direction of how ci' this smallquantity of gas, causing it to non' in the same direction that it'isdesired to have the incoming gas travel. Under this action the incominggas does not have to meet md overcome a current` of' gas coming directlytoward it, but rather doivs'by the side of a current of gas travelingthe same direction. IThe tendency for the gases to min is therebygreatly reduced. rlhis is virtually the same thing as greatly increasingthe height of the deiector plate. f

T osecure the most ecient exhaust the burned gases should be so directedas to Hon' voutv vrithy least resistance between the same and the`surface ot the piston. For this reason makev thev surface ot the pistonl1 in the` form. ofY a parabolic curve, with the apex "l2 of' the curvebelovv the top edgey 13 of the deilector plate, as described a ove.`rEhe cor-ing out of the inside of the piston leaves but? asmall body etsolid metal-inV the dedector plate. .ds a resalt, the cooling edect ofthey air that enters the cranli case and comes 'in contact with theinside of the piston is enhanced. WlhenV the exhaust port Erst opens,the burned gases to ovv en. the top surfacey of the piston and outthrough 'the port' 9, the passage of the burned,

gases: from the povver chamber is' easy and continuous', to the Iactthat all obstacle's: inthe form. of shoulders and corners have beencaretill removed.

.allel to the anis thereof; This is what makes 'a parabolic curve etespecial utility in the arts, forermmple.I in parabolic mirrorslvi'rhich have the props-rt "of directing all the beams of' light whichtall upon the mirror away from the face et the same in parallel linesWhere such emanate from` a source of light located the focus of theparabola. ln myengine this prop maires vif hen the pistn' vthe exhaustgases and flowing thi@ aisance the parabolic curve useful in directingthe gases which impinge thereon .straight to- Ward the-exhaust port, andis better adapted than any other form of curve toV cause the gases whichstrike the top of the piston'to be. deflected therefrom in such adirection as to cause them to travel straight toward the exhaust portand out through the exhaust conduit. lt be seen that the focus o theparabola described by the top of the piston will be located inthe axisot the cylinder as the piston moves.- As the center ot mass of the gasesinside the vpovver chamber will also belocated substantially in the axisof the cylinder when it strikes-the piston, it Will be seen that thetendency of the top of the piston will. be. to cause the gases to bedeiected, after strikingy the top ot the piston, in a straighthorizontal line, toward the enhaust passage 9.' This greatly iacilitatesthe escape of the products ofcombustion, as Will be readily understood.

lirom the above description it will be apparent that by means of myimproved torni of loa-He plate the exhaust gases are permit ted to dowfromV the cylinder in an easy and imob'structed fashion, and that theincoming fresh gas which is toform the fuel or the next charge,prevented from mixing with out with them, to the utmost possible extent.The recess 10 checks' the incoming gas to such an extent as. to cause itto How in sucient volume toward the. opposite end ci the cylinder andcompletel fill the space between the cylinderv Wall. and the` plate. Thecurved top of the piston allows of a mooth-ow ot the exhaust gases fromthe power chamber Without the vlormation of eddi'es, and the recess inthe top of the plate forms an eddy which Willprevent the: direct iioW oiany of the incoming charge across the plate to the exhaust port" Havingthus' described my invention, l claim as' nenr and desire to secure byLetters Patenti:

lin an internal combustion-engine, a piston cfair g a deilector plate ofconsiderable ess. to shield. the inlet port ot the en gine at the end ofthe out stroke ofthe pis ton, 'said deflector platel having a recess inits top to form an eddy and thus prevent the incoming combustible` gasJfrom mining with the outilowing gases o combustion;

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication in thepresence of tivo subscribing witnesses.

(l. Malibu-NG.

lillitnesees y H. El. Hansa-infr, A i?. H. Pennine.

